Underglaze red porcelain

And Red is the Yuan Dynasty Jingdezhen kiln fired in an underglaze painting. Underglaze red is red underglaze it to copper oxide in porcelain bodies were on a color, then applied a transparent glazes, 1300 ℃ restore the flame burning.
But the real colorful extremely rare because of its complex production process. This process began in the Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty reached maturity, the Qing Dynasty, and more developed.
Most of the Yuan Dynasty and Red was gray and utensils to a bowl, can the majority. Decorations simple, Lotus Scroll, Interlocking Peony, grass lines and so on.
In the more prevalent Hongwu underglaze red, light red and gray coloration. There was some pattern pieces glazed objects. In addition to vase, ewer with decorative band and 20 cm diameter in the bottom bowl to the glaze, the other end are rough. Mainly decorated with line drawing, decoration with chrysanthemum pattern Interlocking, Interlocking Peony, Lotus Scroll so the characters and story of the Yuan Dynasty, animals, Ceratophyllum demersum compared to other designs, it seems simple. -Type addition to bottles, pots, there are plates, bowls, cans and so on.
Qing Emperor Yongzheng and Red when the red coloration and a level of firing was very successful, indeed historic peak. Time-type with plates, bowls, bottles, decoration with three fish, 5 bat is more common.
Underglaze red porcelain is the material with copper red on a color in the child, and then cover with transparent glazes in a reducing atmosphere at high temperature firing to show red underglaze porcelain patterns. Excavation of existing information and handed down first-kind show that the underglaze red porcelain Jingdezhen in the Yuan Dynasty. As the copper red underglaze red coloring material for the agent, copper red glaze in the firing technically difficult, the normal color compound not only with the color of copper content and base composition of the enamel, and on the firing atmosphere and the kiln temperature requirements are very sensitive, recipes and firing conditions will lead to any small change in tone is not correct, so pure and Red hair color is rare during the Yuan Dynasty porcelain, mostly gray red. During the Ming Dynasty Hongwu underglaze red is still small, relatively light hair color are mostly red or red side gray, but greatly improved compared to the Yuan Dynasty, Yongle Period and Red hair color Xuande good, like strong bright precious stones, but also pink, which was a transparent white glaze the level of extraction has reached very high. Xuande decline after the underglaze red, until the Qing Dynasty Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong was able to recover the DPRK, then the underglaze red hair color is more pure Yan United States.
And Red is the biggest characteristic firing difficult, low yield. It is based on copper as the colorant, the white child to draw various designs directly on ornamentation, a layer of enamel applied above, high-temperature reduction of copper in a notice to the red flame, so called "and Red"
Underglaze red porcelain fired in the Yuan Dynasty, but there are very few, indeed few and far between. The reason is very sensitive to copper ions on the temperature in the furnace heat of less than, showing dark red or gray red; heat of copper sales have been volatile, escape from the enamel layer presents unique phenomenon or simply fade fast-flushers, decoration does not coherence. Was very difficult to control wood kiln kiln temperature, and only with the post master's experience and remove the fire according to contrast, not mass production. And the Yuan is still white, and Han is still red, there are other national identity,
So and Red production has been small.
But to the Hongwu North Korea, underglaze red porcelain has been tremendous growth, from the physical remains of quantity comparison, even more than than the blue and white porcelain. Black and red early Hongwu Duocheng products, not bright, and even some firing a "glazed in black," has not been broken and buried. Even so, such species throughout the Hongwu always, persistent. , The late Duocheng than pure red. Style simple, heavy,-type huge, full decoration, the momentum away people. Fully demonstrate the Ming founding father of the mind and tolerance.